American Literature Web Resources: Langston Hughes

Chronology
compiled by Ed Morosini

1902 James Mercer Langston Hughes born on February 1 in Joplin Missouri, to James Nathaniel and Carrie Mercer Langston Hughes.
1902-1914 Lived in Buffalo; Cleveland; Lawrence, Kansas; Mexico City; Topeka, Kansas; Colorado Springs; Lawrence (again); Kansas City.
1914 Moved to Lincoln, Illinois to live with his mother and step-father.
1916 Elected class poet for grammer school graduation.
1916-1920 Attended Central High School in Cleveland. Spent a summer in Mexico. Graduated from Central High School.
1921 Published juvenile poetry in The Brownie's Book. "A Negro Speaks of Rivers" published in The Crisis. Entered Columbia University in New York.
1922 Left Columbia to take various jobs in the New York area.
1923 Employed as cook's aid on a steamer to Africa and Europe.
1924 Employed as a cook in a Paris night club. Moved to Washington, D.C. to live with his mother.
1925 Won first prize for poetry in Opportunity contest. Won second prize for essay and third prize for poetry in The Crisis contest. Met Carl Van Vechten who introduced his poetry to Alfred Knopf.
1926 Entered Lincoln University in Pennsylvania. Weary Blues published. Fire published. Won first prize in Witter Bynner Undergraduate Poetry Contest.
1927 Fine Clothes to the Jew published.
1929 Graduated from Lincoln University.
1930 Not Without Laughter published. Won Harmon award for literature. Traveled to Haiti.
1931 Conducted poetry reading tour in the South and West.
1932 Traveled to Russia.
1933 Returned to California by way of Japan. Spent one year writing at Carmel by the Sea.
1934 Ways of White Folks published. Father dies.
1935 Received Guggenheim Fellowship.
1937 Traveled to Spain as a correspondent for Baltimore Afro-American. Mother dies.
1940 The Big Sea published.
1941 Received Rosenwald Fellowship.
1942 Shakespeare in Harlem published.
1943 Granted honorary Doctor of Letters degree from Lincoln University. Began Chicago Defender.
1946 Elected to membership in National Institute of Arts and Letters.
1947 Fields of Wonder published.
1947-1948 Appointed Visiting Professor of Creative Writing at Atlanta University.
1949-1950 Appointed Poet in Residence at the Laboratory School, University of Chicago.
1950 Simple Speaks His Mind published.
1951 Montage on a Dream Deferred published.
1952 Laughing to Keep From Crying published. First Book of Negroes published.
1953 Received Ainsfeld-Wolfe Award for Best book of the year on race relations). Simple Takes a Wife published.
1954 Famous American Negroes published.
1955 Sweet Flypaper of Life published.
1956 I Wonder As I Wander published.
1958 Tambourines to Glory published.
1959 Selected Poems published.
1960 Received Spingarn Medal. African Treasury published.
1961 Ask Your Mama published.
1962 Fight for Freedom published.
1963 Five Plays published.
1964 Granted Honorary Doctor of Letters Degree from Western Reserve.
1965 Simple's Uncle Sam published.
1967 Black Magic: A Pictorial History of the Negro in American Entertainment published.
1967 May 22, Langston Hughes dies.
1969 Black Magic published. Don't You Turn Back published.
1970 The Poetry of the Negro 1746-1970 published.

Works Consulted

Dickinson, Donald C. A Bio-bibliography of Langston Hughes, 1902-1967. Hamden: Archon Books, 1972.

Emanuel, James A. Langston Hughes. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1967.

O'Daniel, Therman B. ed. Langston Hughes: Black Genius, A Critical Evaluation. New York: William Morrow & Company, Inc., 1971.


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