Social Science Education

person standing with shilling hall in background

What Kind of Teacher Do You Want to Be?

Do you want to be the teacher who stands in front of the class reciting dry material to bored students, or would you rather:

  • Use the game Civilization to teach the ancient world?
  • Guide students in lively debates about historical topics?
  • Help students create documentaries about the past?
  • Use Axis and Allies to teach World War II?
  • Have students re-create Lexington and Concord outdoors?
  • Guide students in Harkness method discussions of important issues?
  • Create lessons in which students analyze historical song lyrics?
  • Help your students use online primary sources, acting as historical detectives?

At Millikin, you prepare to become an outstanding teacher by taking engaging courses in U.S. and world history, political science, psychology, anthropology, and sociology. You'll also gain practical experience designing classes, creating lesson plans, and teaching in area schools starting your freshman year. When you graduate, you'll already be a knowledgeable, experienced, and confident teacher!

Click here to find the plan of study

  • Social Science Education majors complete a liberal arts history major of at least 33 credits. Nine of these 33 history credits are in world history, nine are in American history, three credits are in a history seminar (400-level), three credits are in Historiography (480), and at least twelve credits are upper division (300+) history electives. Social Science Education majors are advised by the history department faculty.

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    The History and Political Science Department guides students in earning endorsements in political science, psychology, or sociology. These endorsements prepare Millikin's secondary teaching graduates to meet new Illinois state high school graduation requirements for additional civic and government education, and make them more marketable when looking for their first teaching position.

  • History/Political Science Course Offerings

    History Courses (HI) (Credits)

    HI100. Introduction to the Modern World (3)
    A survey of economic, intellectual, political and social developments in Europe since 1700 as well as
    patterns of influence and reaction in America, Latin America and Asia. Topics include capitalism as a
    revolutionary system, Marxism, imperialism, fascism, socialism, national revolutions, and the dynamics
    of an evolving third world. Appropriate to fulfill historical studies requirement.

    HI105, 205, 305. Introductory Topics in History (3)
    A variety of courses in different fields at the introductory level are offered. All are offered without
    prerequisite requirements.

    HI201. Rise of Modern Europe, Medieval Period to 1700 (3)
    The history of Europe tracing developments of political, economic, social, religious, and cultural
    institutions and customs from the middle ages through 1700. Emphasis on developments that have
    shaped the modern world.

    HI202. Rise of Modern Europe, 1700-present (3)
    The enlightenment and democratic revolutions of the European world, the industrial revolution,
    the rise of nationalism within the context of the domestic, political, and economic history of the
    European states in the 19th century. Study of the main currents in 20th century European history with
    emphasis on political, economic, social and intellectual factors.

    HI203. U.S. History to 1865 (3)
    American history beginning with the early voyages of discovery and colonization, with emphasis on the
    Revolution and early national period, the Age of Jackson, westward expansion and the events leading to
    the crisis of the Civil War.

    HI204. U.S. History since 1865 (3)
    The reconstruction era, frontier west, industrialization and the populist movement, America’s rise
    to world power, the progressive and New Deal periods, the world wars and post WWII American
    political, economic, social and cultural developments.

    HI206. Cultural Geography (3)
    This course is required of secondary education majors, and introduces students to the field of
    geography, emphasizing the relationship between the environment and culture.

    HI207. State and Local History (3)
    This course introduces students to the history of Illinois since its admission to the union, and emphasizes
    the use of primary documents.

    HI210, 310. Topics in United States History (3)  
    Sample offerings in U.S. history have included the following courses: Violence in America, The Age of
    Jackson 1815-1850, The American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln, The American Frontier, The Gilded
    Age 1865-1900, TR to FDR 1900-1945, U.S. History since 1945, The Sixties in Film and History,
    The Vietnam War, World Religions in America.

    HI320. Topics in European History (3)
    Sample offerings in European history have included the following courses: Hitler and the Third Reich,
    The Holocaust, Europe and the Nineteenth Century World.

    HI340. Topics in Non-Western History (3)
    Sample offerings in non-western history have included the following courses: India Under British Rule
    (1730-1947), Modern Japan, Modern China, Introduction to Modern East Asia, Introduction to Modern
    Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa.

    HI360. Topics in Global History (3)
    Sample offerings in global history have included the following courses: The Islamic World, Comparative
    Religions, Global Christianity, The History of Aids, The History of Medicine: Five Epidemics that Changed
    the World.

    HI390. Independent Study (1-4) per semester
    An independent study arrangement, designed primarily for students with a background in history. The
    course of study will be arranged on a tutorial basis with weekly meetings between the instructor and
    student. The course subject matter will vary according to individual interest. Pre-requisite: consent of
    Department Chair.

    HI400. Seminar in History (3)
    Seminars in the history department are rigorous exercises is critical reading, with a substantial research
    and writing component. Recent seminars have dealt with the following topics: The American Civil War,
    The Holocaust, WWII.

    HI425. Methods of Teaching and Assessment in the Social Studies (3)
    This course is designed for the secondary education major and introduces students to the history of
    Social Studies education and various teaching techniques for the middle and high school classroom.

    HI450. Senior Honors Thesis (3)
    In the senior honors thesis the student is expected to produce a substantial original piece of research or
    analysis. The student will defend the written work orally before a committee from inside or outside of
    the department. Open only to qualified seniors approved by the Department Chair.

    HI480. Historiography and Research (3)
    This capstone experience is an advanced course in the art and craft of history, designed for the history
    major and minor. In conjunction with readings on the theoretical and methodological bases of historical
    inquiry, the student engages in significant exercises in historical research and writing. Prerequisite:
    junior standing or consent of Department Chair.


    Political Science Courses (PO)(Credits)

    PO105. The American Political System (3)
    This course emphasizes the theoretical underpinnings and practical understanding of the national policy
    process and institutions of government. The course also provides students with adequate preparation
    for further work in the major by emphasizing the understanding of specific political issues, the manners
    through which the process works (and does not), explores the implications of current political events,
    and investigates the ways in which political scientists measure and analyze political issues. Taught every
    semester.

    PO220. Current American Foreign Policy (3)
    This course is the examination of the objectives, principles, institutions and processes of formulation of
    current American foreign policy and programs. Problems of administration of strategic, military,
    diplomatic and economic policies toward specific countries and geographic regions will be analyzed.
    Prerequisite: PO105.

    PO221. Introduction to International Relations (3)
    The course will provide the student with a conceptual and empirical overview of international politics.
    Realism, the problem of war and its causes, and Non-realist theories of international relations including
    complex interdependence will all be examined. Different visions of the New World order will also be
    studied. Skills emphasized will include moral and ethical reasoning, strategic thinking, historical analysis,
    negotiations, and writing.

    PO223. Political Participation and Democratic Citizenship (3)
    This course examines political participation and the quality of democratic citizenship in the United
    States. Because democracy presupposes an informed, engaged, participatory public, low levels of civic
    and political engagement and participation may be indicative of an apathetic citizenry and a cause for
    concern. Some citizens, however, may be acting in their rational self-interest by not participating. This
    course examines that dilemma and explores the consequences of low levels of participation and its
    possible remedies.  This course  also encourages students to examine the political consequences of
    resources, social networks, and mobilization.

    PO224. Group Influence in America (3)
    The impetus for political change multiplies dramatically as individuals from different cultural
    backgrounds in the US band together in groups. This course examines the means by which groups –
    organized interests and political parties – attempt to influence public policy outcomes in the American
    political system. It reflects on how individuals choose to join groups and how they express collective
    preferences. Additionally, this course explores the internal structures and operations of interest groups
    and political parties as well as their relations with others in the political system and emphasizes how
    these aspects have changed over time and with what consequences.

    PO235. Introduction to the Criminal Justice System (3)
    Acting as a basic introduction to the legal structure surrounding the American criminal justice system,
    this course will walk through the various phases of the trial process. Special attention will be paid to the
    various professional roles that are played within the system and the critical issues that have arisen in
    recent years.

    PO240. State and Local Government (3)
    A course designed to familiarize students with political processes and trends in American state and local
    governments. Topics covered include forms of local governments, the place of cities and states in
    America's federal system, state and local policy implementation, and important institutions in various
    state and local systems. Students will examine their own roles in local and state communities, and will
    sharpen their skills in research, writing, and the comparison of cases. Special attention is given to both
    the state of Illinois and the city of Decatur.

    PO244. Campaigns and Elections (3)
    This course will help students learn the science, art, and craft of electoral politics at the national and
    state levels. Our focus will be on the American nominating and general election systems in a
    comparative context. Mass electoral behavior will be studied and an extensive simulation will allow
    students to run their own campaigns, conduct polling, choose advertising, explore issues, and strategize.
    Students will enhance their own application, collaboration, and presentation skills as well as prepare to
    be more actively engaged citizens.

    PO260. Topics in Political Science (1-3)
    Course offerings of variable credit on specialized topics.

    PO280. Methods of Political Research (4)
    This methods course is the introduction to the scope and methods of political science based on how we
    create research questions, develop testable methods, and evaluate research. Topics include alternative
    concepts of knowledge, modes of study, political ideals and their implications for political analysis. A
    brief survey of the political science profession: its history, sub-fields and ethics of research. Special
    attention is given to the practical aspects of empirical research: methods of research design, data
    collection, electronic data processing and elementary statistical analysis. Prerequisite: PO105.

    PO300. Media and Politics (3)
    This course explores the vital role mass media play in American politics and democratic process today
    and how political actors try to manage the news. The course provides students with a set of scholarly
    and analytical tools with which to critically assess the news and other kinds of media content. Emphasis
    will be also placed on the interdependent nature of the relationship among managers of the news.

    PO301. Political Behavior and Opinion (3)
    This course examines the academic literature on individual political behavior and public opinion and the
    nature and consequences of people’s understanding of politics, public opinion on various issues, political
    participation, and voting. The course focuses on approaches and theories developed by scholars to study
    public opinion, and it examines substantive opinions and inter-group differences in opinions and how
    they translate into political behavior. Pre-requisite: PO105 or consent of instructor.

    PO305. Philosophy of Law (3)
    In the first part of the course, we will examine various theories concerning the nature of law. Of
    particular interest will be the issue of how these theories view the connection between law and
    morality. Is there a connection between law and morality?  If there is such a connection, is it a necessary
    connection? Theories of law to be examined include legal positivism, natural law, and legal realism
    (critical legal studies). We will employ Peter Suber’s fictional work, The Case of the Speluncean
    Explorers, to examine how these theoretical issues intersect with legal adjudication. In the second part
    of the course, we will focus on issues surrounding theories of judicial interpretation. Of particular
    interest will be constitutional interpretation. Questions to be considered include the following: How
    should judges interpret the constitution? What role (if any) should moral principles play in their
    adjudication? What is the role of judges in relation to democratically elected legislatures? In hard cases,
    do judges create law (legislate from the bench) or do they work to discover the correct answer (apply
    the law to the case before them)? Interspersed with these more theoretical readings will be excerpts
    from actual legal cases. We will be interested in seeing how the theoretical issues identified above get
    played out in actual legal decisions. Pre-requisites: PH110, or PH211, or PH310, or consent of instructor.

    PO310. Political Philosophy (3)
    In this course, we will examine attempts by philosophers within the Western philosophical tradition
    toanswer the following three questions. First, what justification (if any) can be given for the existence of
    the state? Second, what reason is there (if any) for preferring one kind of state to another? Third, what
    justification is there (if any) for placing limits on the power of the state to intervene in the lives of its
    citizens? Readings may include Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke, Mill, Berlin, Taylor, Nozick, Rawls, and
    others. Pre-requisites: PO105, or PH110, or PH211, or consent of the instructor.

    PO315. Supreme Court in American Politics (3)
    This course provides the student with the opportunity to explore the Supreme Court as both a legal and
    a political institution. The course will examine the nine justices configured as a court of law whose
    historic mission is to adjudicate all controversies – political and otherwise – arising under the
    Constitution. Students will also examine the role of the Court in the political system of the United States,
    issues of judicial politics, and the evolution of the judiciary’s powers, rights, and duties.

    PO320. International Law and Organization (3)
    This course analyzes the extent to which the growth of international organizations indicates the
    existence of a global international society. Students will learn about the structure and decision-making
    process of major international organizations and analyze the extent to which international organizations
    influence state behavior, international law and the evolution of universal international rules and norms.
    The course will examine the United Nations, the European Union, the World Trade Organization, and
    non-governmental organizations such as Amnesty International and Doctors Without Borders. To bring
    issues to life, students participate in a simulated crisis within the United Nations Security Council.

    PO321. Global Issues (3)
    The series of courses under this heading will attempt to explain the dramatic political, social, economic,
    and cultural issues which batter our world: terrorism, international crime, economic globalization, etc.
    Each semester we will be asking similar questions: can freedom and justice emerge from the current
    clash between cold tyranny of the markets and frenetic violence of militant nationalist and religious
    movements? Will the coming century repeat the barbarism of the past or usher in a steady progression
    towards better life? Our focus will be global and we will engage in moral reasoning, strategic thinking,
    negotiations, writing, questioning, and deliberation. Cross-cultural understanding will be a central value.

    PO322. Topics in Comparative Politics (3)
    The series of courses under this heading will examine the political life of the world from different
    theoretical perspectives of comparative politics.  Each semester, the regional focus of the course maybe
    different, focusing on Eastern or Western Europe, Latin America, Africa, Middle East, or Asia. Within
    each of the world regions, we will compare countries, using and evaluating crucial concepts of
    comparative politics and international relations. Our focus will be global and will engage in critical
    reading and quantitative reasoning. We will also use information technology, collaboration, negotiation,
    and formal presentation skills. One of the values of this course is cross-cultural understanding.

    PO323. Topics in World Politics (3)
    A series of courses under this heading will examine, in seminar format, different topics, issues and sub fields
    within the substantive fields of comparative politics and international relations. Students will read
    and discuss the most important current literature covering the topics and conduct research and
    literature review projects on themes of their choice. This course will focus on the global area, and the
    skills fostered will be critical reading and writing, research, reflection, analysis, and scientific method.
    The course will foster intellectual curiosity and risk-taking.

    PO324. Politics of the Developing World (3)
    This course will examine problems associated with the political development of "rapidly changing and
    unstable 'developing' nation states." Students will explore the political, economic and social dimensions
    of transitional states in South and Central America, Southeast and Central Asia, the Middle East and
    Africa. Key questions will include: How do the political systems in transitional countries work - or fail to
    work? What is development and how do we explain the failure of some countries to develop? What
    strategies are used to escape poverty and underdevelopment (including revolutionary ones)? And to
    what extent do major political issues such as globalization, religious and ethnic conflict, the status of
    women, environmental devastation, the AIDs epidemic and transnational crime affect the development
    of transition states?

    PO330. Constitutional Law (3)
    This course acts as an introduction to constitutional case law and to the practical effects of our legal
    system (courts and judicial politics) on the American political system. The role of the federal judiciary,
    focusing on the Supreme Court, in interpreting constitutional and statutory law and in making policy will
    be studied. Exploration of the elements of judicial interpretation and the examination of judicial opinion
    writing will be major components of this course. Prerequisite: PO105.

    PO334. Civil Liberties and the Constitution (3)
    Building on the understanding of judicial decision making and opinion writing established in PO330, this
    course will concentrate on the current debates and case law found in the area of civil rights and civil
    liberties. The First, Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments will be explored, with time spent on the
    constitutional rights of the criminally accused. The process of inclusion into the political process and the
    constitutional interpretation of the Bill of Rights will be examined. Prerequisite: PO105.

    PO340. The American Congress (3)
    This course examines the national legislative branch of government with an in-depth look at the modern
    lawmaking process. Emphasis placed on the evolution of the process, the importance of the committee
    system, the budget process, and the influence of individual Member goals and policy preferences on the
    policy process.

    PO348. The American Presidency (3)
    Why does the most powerful person on earth feel so limited in the ability to obtain favored outcomes?
    This course offers an in-depth examination of the theoretical underpinnings, organization, development,
    and powers of the Presidency. Students will acquire a working understanding of the electoral battles,
    the development of powers, and how the Presidency interacts with other actors in the political system.
    Skills developed will include historical analysis, research, comparing cases, and writing.

    PO356. Topics in Public Policy (3)
    Program formulation, implementation, and evaluation are all key to understanding how the political
    system produces the outcomes that it does. Each time this course is offered, a particular field will be
    chosen for intensive study. Students will explore the difficult choices government officials face,
    examining why some alternatives are chosen, others rejected, and others never even considered.
    Students will enhance their skills in reading critically, quantitative reasoning, information technology,
    and making formal presentations. Prerequisite: PO105

    PO360. Topics in Political Science (1-3)
    Course offerings vary based on specialized topics.

    PO361. Washington Internship or Practicum (3-6)
    An internship experience, in Washington, DC, is available to students of all majors. This course combines
    practical experience and training within an academic framework through a placement in an agency or
    organization. Students must complete an internship contract. Student performance is evaluated by a
    reflective portfolio and agency supervisor. This course is taught in Washington when students study at
    The Washington Center or American University. This course fulfills political science internship
    requirement. Pre-requisite: Admission to Washington Center program.

    PO362. Washington Experience (3)  
    This course, taught by a qualified Washington Center instructor with an appropriate – usually terminal–
    degree, and university teaching experience, requires a combination of regular attendance, active class
    participation, written work (research paper, essays, examinations), and class projects. Topics vary, and
    students receive a list of courses from which to choose prior to arrival in Washington. This course is
    taught in Washington when students study at The Washington Center. Pre-requisite: Admission to
    Washington Center program.

    PO363. Washington Leadership Forum (3)
    This course encompasses student attendance at the Washington Center’s Congressional Speaker Series,
    Presidential Lecture Series, Embassy Visits Program, site visits, tours, briefings, and other activities. The
    Leadership Forum enables students to better understand the world of the nation’s capital - its peoples
    and institutions, its political processes, the issues debated and the policies forged there - and the
    potential impact of these endeavors on the students’ future lives as professionals and citizens. This
    course is evaluated by students’ reflective portfolios. This course is taught in Washington when students
    study at The Washington Center. Pre-requisite: Admission to Washington Center program.

    PO365. Model Illinois Government (1-3)
    This course is associated with the Model Illinois Government (MIG) program offered by a consortium of
    Illinois universities, colleges, and community colleges dedicated to the teaching of state government.
    The major activity of MIG is a student-directed four day simulation each spring at the Capitol Complex in
    Springfield. At the simulation, students assume the roles of state legislators, executive branch officials,
    lobbyists, journalists, and staffers. Study in preparation for the participation learning activities of this
    course will be through lectures, readings, discussions, guided research, and role playing. The
    participation learning activities of this course will familiarize students with the operation of Illinois
    General Assembly by examination of and involvement in the simulated process of bills becoming laws.
    This course is repeatable for a total of twelve credits. This course is taught in the Spring semester.

    PO366. Appellate Legal Reasoning-Moot Court (1-3)
    This course will rely heavily on a simulation model in which we conduct mock appellate hearings in class.
    Students will role-play as both attorneys and judges. This course will employ the closed case
    method that is used at most  moot court competitions.  Each closed case file will include numerous
    items, including: a statement of the facts of the case, the rulings by the lower courts, select court case
    precedents, and specific federal and/or state statutory and/or constitutional language. This course
    involves no research that goes beyond the materials provided in the closed case files. On the basis of
    this material and this material only, students will complete a range of assignments designed to engage
    students in the central aspects of appellate legal reasoning including legal brief writing, oral
    argumentation and judicial opinion writing. This course is taught in the Spring semester.

    PO367. Model United Nations (1-3)
    This course offers students the opportunity to study the structure and interrelationships of the United
    Nations. As a simulations course, all students are expected to participate in the national competition of
    American Model United Nations in Chicago. The course as a whole prepares students for presentations
    of a country’s perspectives on current international issues. Students will use their knowledge gained
    throughout the course to serve on committees and at the end of the semester create resources for
    the dissemination of information about their assigned country to the wider community. The course
    involves travel to the conference location and preparation in simulation activities. This course is
    repeatable for a total of twelve credits. This course is taught in the Fall semester.

    PO371, 372. Internship (3) Per Semester
    Supervised, practical experience opportunity. Maximum of six credits per student. Prerequisite: consent
    of Department Chair.

    PO391, 392. Independent Studies in Political Science (3) Per Semester
    Directed readings and/or research on topics of mutual interest to the student and the instructor.
    Maximum of six credits per student. Prerequisite: consent of instructor and Department Chair.

    PO400. Seminar in Political Science (3)
    Advanced seminar course in which juniors and seniors examine classic and contemporary original
    empirical research with particular emphasis on its substantive findings and underlying theoretical
    frameworks. The course provides an opportunity for students to critically evaluate research in the field
    and to build on current research by proposing a new project of their own. Topics vary.

    PO410. Political Science Professional Development (1)
    This class is designed to prepare the political science student for entry into the job market, or further
    study at the graduate level. Taught by the political science faculty, this class meets once a week and
    addresses issues of relevance to the political science professional. Topics of relevance to postgraduates,
    including graduate exams, graduate applications and resume and interview preparation will be
    discussed. Students will prepare a career portfolio, individually designed to meet their specific needs, in
    which professional and graduate school application materials will be collected. The portfolio will be fully
    assessed at the end of the semester.

    PO450. Senior Thesis (3)
    To complete a senior thesis a student is expected to produce a substantial original piece of research.The
    student will defend the written work and present the work at Millikin or in a regional conference. Open
    only to advanced juniors and seniors whose paper proposal has been approved by the faculty of the
    department.